Table 2 Scoring scales for phenological stages and frost damage
From: Trade-off between height growth and spring flushing in common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Score | Stage |
|---|---|
Budburst phenology | |
1 | Dormant buds |
2 | Buds swollen and elongated |
3 | Buds begin to burst, first green is visible |
4 | Folded and hairy leaves begin to appear |
5 | Individually visible folded and hairy leaves |
6 | Leaves unfolded, still fan-shaped, pale scales present |
7 | Leaves unfolded, smooth and bright |
Autumn colouring | |
1 | Green leaves |
2 | Beginning of autumn coloured of individual leaves |
3 | Beginning of autumn leaves colouring on a mass scale (5–10% of leaves coloured) |
4 | Mass autumn leaves colouring (about 50% of leaves coloured) |
5 | Completed leaves colouring |
6 | Leaves started to be brown and dried. |
Frost damage | |
0 | No damaged leaves (less than 5%) |
1 | <1/3 of leaves damaged |
2 | <2/3 of leaves damaged |
3 | <95% leaves damaged |
4 | All leaves (>95%) damaged |