Table 3 Gorse flammability parameters measured in bench-scale tests: mass loss calorimeter device (repeatability criteria according to Babrauskas 2002, three replicates for each test) and oxygen bomb calorimeter (GHC, repeatability limit 150 kJ/kg according to ISO 1716, three replicates for each test)
From: Evaluation of the flammability of gorse (Ulex europaeus L.) managed by prescribed burning
Flammability components | 5-year-old shrubs | 1-year-old shrubs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead parts | Decaying parts | Live parts | Live parts | ||||
FMC = 25% | FMC = 40% | FMC = 50% | FMC = 75% | FMC = 90% | FMC = 110% | ||
Ignitability | TTI (s) | 17a | 22b | 37b | 58c | 51c | 58c |
Combustibility | RTI (°C/s) | 27a | 21b | 21b | 16b | 22b | 21b |
HRR (kW/m2) | 235a | 176b | 191b | 145c | 156c | 132c | |
PHRR (kW/m²) | 331.6a | 263.5b | 249.3b | 190.5c | 198.1c | 217.7c | |
t_PHRR (s) | 29.5a | 35.5a | 50.5b | 77.0c | 68.5c | 70.5c | |
Sustainability | FD (s) | 49.5a | 51a | 45.5a | 42.5a | 42.5a | 58a |
THR (MJ/m²) | 11.5a | 9.0b | 8.7b | 6.2c | 6.1c | 7.5c | |
AEHC (MJ/kg) | 14.3a | 12.3b | 12.3b | 11.4b | 10.2b | 13.1b | |
GHC (MJ/kg) | 22.77a | 22.08a | 22.08a | 22.04a | 20.91b | 20.91b | |
Consumability | MLR (g/s) | 0.17a | 0.14a | 0.16a | 0.13a | 0.14a | 0.10a |
RMF (%) | 9.3a | 12.2a | 7.5a | 9.7a | 9.2a | 4.2b | |