Fig. 2

Expected effects of forestry practice on evolutionary processes: schematic pathway from the forestry management in natural regeneration systems to the selection and genetic drift parameters. See text for explanation of the paths (\( \sigma_P^2 \) phenotypic variance, \( \sigma_A^2 \) additive genetic variance, β selection gradient for natural selection, i selection intensity for direct selection, s selfing rate, N _ep effective pollen pool size, V variance of reproductive success, N _e effective population size, F inbreeding)