Fig. 3

Moving correlation analyses between selected climatic variables (total precipitation, left; mean temperature, right) and radial-growth for the five study sites: precipitation and temperature of the previous (year t−1) September; precipitation of the previous October; temperature of current (year t) February; precipitation of current March; and temperature of current March. The stands were arranged following a climatic gradient from warm and dry to cold and wet conditions (see arrows). Correlations (Pearson coefficients) were calculated for 40-year intervals considering the period 1901–2009 (each major tick along the x-axis shows the last value of the corresponding 40-year interval, e.g., 1940 stands for the period 1901–1940, etc.). Sites’ codes are as in Table 1