Table 2 Coefficients of the Gompertz functions fitting the growth traits of black spruce trees growing in stands located at different latitudes in the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada: F values are significant at p < 0.0001

DBH (cm)

SIM

19.26

7.69

16.99

13.77 × 10³

0.95

BER

20.00

2.59

36.41

13.18 × 10³

0.91

MIS

20.05

3.61

28.55

98.49 × 10²

0.91

DAN

21.06

2.82

29.29

72.36 × 10²

0.83

MIR

19.19

4.42

28.20

17.37 × 10³

0.95

Stem height (m)

SIM

17.57

5.25

25.98

18.46 × 10³

0.97

BER

17.67

2.68

42.80

25.28 × 10³

0.96

MIS

18.22

3.72

36.29

43.35 × 10³

0.98

DAN

20.62

2.28

46.40

18.97 × 10³

0.94

MIR

12.68

3.97

40.15

24.51 × 10³

0.97

Tree volume (dm³)

SIM

22.56 10¹

5.21

41.81

32.74 × 10²

0.90

BER

28.45 10¹

2.22

91.36

24.24 × 10²

0.83

MIS

29.61 10¹

2.68

72.36

21.23 × 10²

0.82

DAN

41.01 10¹

1.87

94.67

38.27 × 10²

0.87

MIR

16.75 10¹

3.26

71.63

81.06 × 10²

0.95