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Table 2 Climate variables used in this study and average climate situation in Germany under present and under future conditions (IPCC scenarios A1b and A2, 2021–2050)

From: Forest conversion can help to mitigate impacts of climate change on common forest birds

Climate variable

Present 1971–2000

Scenario A1b 2021–2050

Scenario A2 2021–2050

∆ Present ->A1b

∆ Present ->A2

Annual mean temperature (°C)

8.6

10.1

10.4

+1.5

+1.8

Spring temperature (°C)

11.8

13.8

13.2

+2.0

+1.4

Annual precipitation (mm)

788

738

708

−50

−80

Spring precipitation (mm)

202

176

202

−26

0