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Table 1 Description of measured and calculated traits

From: Estimating solid wood properties using Pilodyn and acoustic velocity on standing trees of Norway spruce

Abbreviation

Description of traits

Unit

Indirect wood traits for predicting benchmark SilviScan traits

 AV24

Acoustic velocity measured by Hitman ST 300 at tree age 24

km ∙ s− 1

 AV 224

Square of acoustic velocity

(km ∙ s− 1)2

 Pilo22

Pilodyn penetration depth measured by Pilodyn 6J Forest at tree age 22

mm

\( {\mathrm{MOE}}_{\left({\mathrm{AV}}^2+D\right)} \)

Modulus of elasticity estimated by acoustic velocity and SilviScan’s wood density

GPa

\( {\mathrm{MOE}}_{\left({\mathrm{AV}}^2+\mathrm{Pilo}\right)} \)

Modulus of elasticity estimated by acoustic velocity and Pilodyn penetration depth

GPa

SiviScan benchmark wood traits

 Density21

Wood density measured by SilviScan in increment cores at tree age 21

kg m− 3

 MFA21

Microfibril angle measured by SilviScan in increment cores at tree age 21

(°)

 MOE21

Modulus of elasticity measured by SilviScan in increment cores at tree age 21

GPa

Growth traits

DBHx

Diameter at breast height at tree age 12 and 21

mm

Ht7

Tree height at tree age 7

cm