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Table 2 Descriptive statistics of growth traits, indirect wood traits measured in standing trees, and benchmark wood traits measured by SilviScan using increment cores at corresponding ages

From: Estimating solid wood properties using Pilodyn and acoustic velocity on standing trees of Norway spruce

Trait

Min

Max

Mean

σ a

CVA (%)

σ p

CVp (%)

ĥ 2 i (SE)

Growth traits

 DBH12 (mm)

1

146

57.7

8.91

15.45

18.24

31.62

0.24 (0.02 )

 DBH21 (mm)

9

264

102.8

12.25

11.91

28.88

28.10

0.18 (0.02)

 Ht7 (cm)

5

480

222.4

33.21

14.93

65.04

29.25

0.26 (0.02)

Indirect wood traits

 AV24(km ∙ s− 1)

2.99

5.01

4.18

0.11

2.52

0.27

6.57

0.15 (0.05)

 AV 224 (km ∙ s− 1)2

8.93

25.05

17.54

0.88

5.04

2.27

12.95

0.15 (0.05)

 Pilo22 (mm)

10

34

21.4

1.49

6.97

2.55

11.93

0.34 (0.05)

\( {\mathrm{MOE}}_{\left({\mathrm{AV}}^2+\mathrm{D}\right)}\left(\mathrm{GPa}\right) \)

3.27

14.61

7.57

0.74

9.72

1.32

17.41

0.31 (0.06)

\( {\mathrm{MOE}}_{\left({\mathrm{AV}}^2+\mathrm{Pilo}\right)} \) (GPa)

3.15

16.71

8.35

0.80

9.63

1.53

18.32

0.28 (0.05)

Benchmark SilviScan wood traits

 Density21(kg. m− 3)

298.2

676.5

429.8

26.26

6.11

37.24

8.67

0.50 (0.06)

 MFA21(°)

4.60

32.83

14.16

1.65

11.63

4.28

30.24

0.15 (0.04)

 MOE21(GPa)

5.08

20.69

12.28

1.21

9.89

2.12

17.27

0.33 (0.05)

  1. Standard errors are given in parenthesis