Assessment of ground-based skidding impacts on the horizontally rate and extent of soil disturbance along the margin of the skid trail

Table 6 Effect of traffic (20 and 40 passes) and slope (0–10, 10–20 and >20 %) on soil disturbance estimated by mean values of macroporosity at various different distances

	Slope (%)
Passage Distance zone (m)	0–10		10–20		>20
Passage Distance zone (m)	20	40	20	40	20	40
0.5	31.80aB	28.05aC	22.90bD	16.27bD	12.30cD	9.15cD
1.00	37.90aA	33.65aB	33.80bC	20.79bC	22.00cC	14.83cC
1.50	38.40aA	34.99aB	36.30abB	31.38bB	32.40bB	18.02cB
2.00	38.70aA	38.91aA	38.50aA	33.70bA	34.70bA	22.40cA

Macroporosity was measured as 39.32 % for the control area. Values are mean. Different letters within each treatment shows significant differences (P < 0.05)
Capital case letters refer to the comparison made among four distance zones for each skidding cycle and slope class separately (column)
Lower case letters refer to the comparison made among three slope categories at each skidding cycle for the various distance zones (row)

ISSN: 1297-966X