Fig. 5From: Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii seedling recruitment is affected by stand basal area, shrub cover and climate interactionsSeedling survival rate at different sowing positions (inside or outside shrub cover) and different basal area intervals (low (BA1 ∼15–20 m2 ha−1), medium (BA2 ∼25–30 m2 ha−1) and dense (BA3 ∼35–40 m2 ha−1)) in 2013. Error bars are the Tukey HSD at P < 0.05Back to article page