Drought response of upland oak (Quercus L.) species in Appalachian hardwood forests of the southeastern USA

Table 4 Model fit statistics associated with BAI_resistance, BAI_recovery, and BAI_resilience during the first drought for northern red oak, black oak, chestnut oak, and white oak

	AIC_C	ΔAIC_C	w _i		AIC_C	ΔAIC_C	w _i		AIC_C	ΔAIC_C	w _i
	Drought 1—BAI _resistance				Drought 1—BAI _recovery				Drought 1—BAI _resilience
Northern red oak
RD	−28.5	0.0	0.29	DBH + RD^b + SI^b	4.6	0.0	0.88	SI	47.4	0.0	0.34
Null	−28.2	0.3	0.25	RD^b	9.2	4.6	0.09	Null	48.2	0.8	0.23
DBH	−27.9	0.6	0.22	SI^b	11.8	7.2	0.02	RD	48.4	1.0	0.21
SI	−26.7	1.8	0.12	Null	14.8	10.2	0.01	DBH + RD + SI^b	49.1	1.7	0.15
DBH + RD + SI	−26.7	1.8	0.12	DBH	15.9	11.3	0.00	DBH	50.4	3.0	0.08
Black oak
RD^a	−32.0	0.0	0.93	Null	13.2	0.0	0.50	RD	23.3	0.0	0.43
DBH + RD^a + SI	−26.7	5.3	0.07	SI	15.3	2.1	0.18	Null	23.8	0.5	0.34
Null	−20.4	11.6	0.00	RD	15.5	2.3	0.16	SI	26.3	3.0	0.10
DBH	−19.1	12.9	0.00	DBH	15.6	2.4	0.15	DBH	26.4	3.1	0.09
SI	−17.6	14.4	0.00	DBH + RD + SI	20.2	7.0	0.02	DBH + RD^a + SI	27.8	4.5	0.05
Chestnut oak
Null	10.2	0.0	0.42	Null	5.5	0.0	0.40	Null	58.0	0.0	0.51
SI	11.6	1.4	0.21	SI	6.3	0.8	0.27	DBH	60.2	2.2	0.17
DBH	11.9	1.7	0.18	RD	7.1	1.6	0.18	SI	60.3	2.3	0.16
RD	12.0	1.8	0.17	DBH	7.7	2.2	0.13	RD	60.4	2.4	0.15
DBH + RD + SI	15.4	5.2	0.03	DBH + RD + SI	10.9	5.4	0.03	DBH + RD + SI	65.1	7.1	0.01
White oak
RD	−25.1	0.0	0.40	Null	−18.6	0.0	0.57	DBH	−3.3	0.0	0.48
Null	−24.5	0.6	0.29	RD	−16.7	1.9	0.22	Null	−1.9	1.4	0.24
SI	−23.1	2.0	0.15	DBH	−16.4	2.2	0.19	RD	−0.2	3.1	0.10
DBH	−22.6	2.5	0.11	DBH + RD + SI	−12.1	6.5	0.02	SI	−0.2	3.1	0.10
DBH + RD + SI	−20.8	4.3	0.05	SI	16.2	34.8	0.00	DBH + RD + SI	0.5	3.8	0.07

DBH is tree-level diameter at breast height (cm), RD is plot-level relative density (%), and SI is plot-level site index (m). ΔAIC_C refers to the change in AIC_C compared to the best overall model (i.e., the model corresponding to the lowest AIC_C), and w _i is Akaike weight.
^aInformative (i.e., 95 % confidence interval that does not contain zero) and negative parameter estimate
^bInformative and positive parameter estimate

ISSN: 1297-966X