Fig. 3

Residuals against predicted values for linear and nonlinear growth models where the effect of conifers and broadleaves is discriminated. First and second rows are the linear models (with BAL: a–d; with Martin-Ek: e–h). Second and third rows are the nonlinear models (with BAL: i–l; with Martin-Ek: m–p). White spruce is in the first column (a, e, i, m), balsam fir in the second column (b, f, j, n), other conifers in the third (c, g, k, o) and broadleaves in the forth (d, h, l, p)