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Fig. 3 | Annals of Forest Science

Fig. 3

From: Density reduction in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands to increase tree C assimilation: an approach with the dual δ13C and δ18O isotope signatures in needles

Fig. 3

Effect of thinning treatments on specific leaf area, foliar δ13C and δ18O in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees. Note. Error bar represents mean ± 95% confidence interval, PD = planting density, moderate = 55% density removal, heavy = 71% density removal, and light = 36% density removal. Non-significant results (Table 3) are not presented. C1, C2, C3 and C4 are four contrasts used in the analysis, gray and black represent significant and non-significant differences, respectively

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Annals of Forest Science

ISSN: 1297-966X