Aboveground carbon storage is driven by functional trait composition and stand structural attributes rather than biodiversity in temperate mixed forests recovering from disturbances

Table 3 The direct, indirect, and total standardized effects of disturbance intensity, stand structure attributes, functional trait composition, and diversity on the aboveground C storage based on structural equation model (SEM) in temperate mixed forests

Predictor	Direct effect		Indirect effect	Total effect
Disturbance intensity		Via CWM_MH	− 0.17 (P < 0.001)
		Via CV_DBH (P = 0.046)	− 0.03
		Via FEve (P = 0.086)	0.03
	− 0.47 (P < 0.001)	Summed (P < 0.001)	− 0.17	− 0.63 (P < 0.001)
Stand structure attribute (CV_DBH)		Via CWM_MH	0.03 (P = 0.164)
		Via FEve (P = 0.114)	0.02
	0.10 (P = 0.026)	Summed (P = 0.052)	0.05	0.15 (P = 0.003)
Trait composition (CWM_MH)	0.38 (P < 0.001)	–		0.38 (P < 0.001)
Diversity (FEve)	− 0.08 (P = 0.076)	–		− 0.08 (P = 0.076)

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