From: Harmonisation of stem volume estimates in European National Forest Inventories
Term | Definition | |
---|---|---|
Volumes | Growing stock | Growing stock is the above-ground volume of living and standing stems above stump over a specified area. Included is the stem volume from the stump height up to and including the stem top and the bark. Branches are excluded |
Volume of living stems above stump | The volume of living stems above stump is the aggregated above-ground volume of all living and standing stems, over a specified land area. Included are over-bark stem volumes—from the stump height to and including the stem top—of living stems with a diameter at breast height of more than 0 cm (height of more than 1.30 m). Branches are excluded | |
Tree characteristics | Living tree | A living tree is a tree having a stem with an active or a dormant cambium |
Lying tree | A lying tree is a tree whose main stem is in the majority of its length lying on the ground | |
Tree parts | Large branches | The large branches of a tree are the portion of the above-ground lateral parts with a diameter of more than or equal to the defined diameter threshold |
Small branches | The small branches of a tree are the portion of the above-ground lateral parts with a diameter of less than the defined diameter threshold | |
Stem | The stem of a tree is the above-ground part of the main (off) shoot with apical dominance | |
Stem top | The stem top of a tree is the topmost part of the stem from an over-bark base-diameter of the defined diameter threshold to the stem tip | |
Bole | The bole of a tree is the above-ground part of the stem between stump and the stem top | |
Stump | The stump of a tree is the above-ground base part of the stem which would remain after a tree was cut under normal felling practices | |
Bark | The bark of a tree includes all tissues of the main stem, lateral parts and below-ground parts between the xylem and the epidermis of the phellem |