From: Base cation dynamics in rainfall, throughfall, litterflow and soil solution under Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees in northern Iran
Site
Flux ratio
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Mg2+
Forest
TF/RF
1.6
2.1
2.9
1.9
LF/TF
0.5
0.6
0.7
TSF/LF
2.6
1.7
SSF/TSF
1.0
0.9
Forest gap
TSO/RF
1.2
6.0
1.8
SSO/TSO