Fig. 3

Univariate regression model results referring to the overstorey (circles) and the understorey (triangles). Left: relationships between independent variables and aboveground woody biomass (AWB). Right: relationships between independent variables and aboveground woody biomass production (ABP). Each variable was standardized and their effect size was compared to determine differences in strength of predictor variables on AWB/ABP. The solid circles and triangles represent significant effects (p < 0.05). The hollow circles and triangles indicate relationships that are not significant (p > 0.05). The solid lines indicate standard errors of variables in the overstorey and the dotted lines represent standard errors in the understorey