Fig. 2

Crown health ratings (%) for tree species that were infested by polyphagous shot hole borer (PSHB), Euwallacea whitfordiodendrus, and Kuroshio shot hole borer (KSHB), E. kuroshio, in southern California (A, PSHB first set of species and KSHB second set of species), southwestern China (B), and northwestern Vietnam (C). Degree of crown thinning and dieback were rated for individual trees on a scale of 1 to 5 (1: healthy, no apparent leaf or branch dieback; 2: minor twig dieback (10–25% leaf loss); 3: moderate branch dieback (26–50% leaf loss); 4: severe branch dieback (> 50% leaf loss); and 5: dead, no living crown). Scientific names for each tree species can be found in Table 2