Table 2 Mean, range, and standard deviation (SD) of the leaf phenology and productivity dynamics indicators observed between 1997 and 2014. Slopes and regression coefficients of the indicators vs. year are also given. In all tables, italicized values correspond to significant (p value < 0.05) correlations, and bold values to highly significant (p value < 0.01) correlations

Leaf out start (LO_S)

126

112–137

7

− 0.53

0.16

Leaf out length (LO_L)

13

5–23

5

0.50

0.27

Leaf out end (LO_E)

139

122–151

7

− 0.03

0.00

Leaf fall start (LF_S)

304

291–318

6

− 0.65

0.30

Leaf fall length (LF_L)

14

5–27

6

− 0.06

0.00

Leaf fall end (LF_E)

318

296–330

8

− 0.71

0.22

Leafed period length (L_L)

165

154–178

7

− 0.62

0.26

Carbon uptake increase start (CUI_S)

73

48–118

17

− 1.61

0.25

Carbon uptake increase length (CUI_L)

70

30–98

18

2.18

0.44

Carbon uptake increase end (CUI_E)

143

131–160

9

0.57

0.13

Carbon uptake decrease start (CUD_S)

209

171–256

21

− 2.07

0.27

Carbon uptake decrease length (CUD_L)

75

28–109

22

1.19

0.09

Carbon uptake decrease end (CUD_E)

284

264–299

10

− 0.88

0.22

Carbon uptake length (CU_L)

66

34–108

20

− 2.64

0.52