Survival of Douglas-fir provenances in Austria: site-specific late and early frost events are more important than provenance origin

Table 3 Results of the generalized linear model (GLM) showing the effects of seed origin and the effects of the significant climate variables describing early and late frost events, the mean climate conditions of the trial sites and tree age on the juvenile survival rate of Douglas-fir

Driver type	Drivers	Estimate	Std. error	t value	p value	Partial R²	Contribution to sum of partial R²
	Intercept	3.264	1.471	2.219	< 0.00
Late frost	LF1	− 0.101	0.052	− 1.956	< 0.00	0.18	9.92
	LF8	− 0.004	0.003	− 1.284	< 0.00	0.04	2.31
	LF12	− 0.159	0.043	− 3.659	< 0.00	0.74	41.04
Early frost	EF1	− 0.311	0.304	− 1.022	< 0.00	0.00	0.16
	EF4	− 0.118	0.037	− 3.214	< 0.00	0.57	31.48
	EF7	− 0.007	0.005	− 1.452	< 0.00	0.07	3.94
LF-EF interaction	LF1 x EF1	0.023	0.002	0.843	< 0.00	0.00	0.10
Mean climate	TD	− 0.005	0.002	− 1.160	< 0.00	0.02	1.24
Mean climate	SHM	0.045	0.020	1.100	< 0.00	0.01	0.75
Demographic	Tree age	− 0.007	0.02	− 0.28	0.77	0.06	3.30
Provenance origin	4.Climate cluster	− 0.012	0.01	− 0.33	0.18	0.05	2.67
	3. Altitude-zone cluster	0.023	0.01	0.19	< 0.00	0.05	2.79
	3. Seed-zone cluster	− 0.02	0.02	− 0.22	0.22	0.01	0.29

R² adjusted = 0.59
For an explanation of the acronyms of the variables see Table 1. Partial R² refers to the change in the adjusted model R² when the respective variable is removed from the GLM. The percent contribution of a particular explanatory variable is calculated as the percentage of its partial R² over the sum of partial R² of all explanatory variables

ISSN: 1297-966X