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Fig. 6 | Annals of Forest Science

Fig. 6

From: Release and suppression: forest layer responses to emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis)-caused ash death

Fig. 6

Flowchart illustrating effects of EAB-caused ash decline (solid arrows) and forest layers (dashed arrows) that were supported by this study. Relationships (arrows) shown in Fig. 1 that are not included here are those found not to be supported. Arrows with a “+” signify a positive effect. Black boxes represent predictor and response variables that are correlated with ash decline and/or other vegetation strata. Light gray boxes and text represent variables that were not included in the best model or competing model, and thus do not improve explanatory power. NSI native shade-intolerant seedlings, NST native shade-tolerant seedlings, INT introduced seedlings, U in upland plots only

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Annals of Forest Science

ISSN: 1297-966X