Effects of plot length and soil texture on runoff and sediment yield occurring on machine-trafficked soils in a mixed deciduous forest

Table 1 Mean values (± Std.) of different soil physical properties and canopy cover before the experiment started in 2016 in the runoff sample plots on different plot lengths (i.e., 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 m) and soil textures (clay and loam)

Plot length (m)	Soil texture	Bulk density (Mg m⁻³)	Total porosity (%)	Organic matter content (%)	Canopy cover (%)	Sand (%)	Clay (%)	Silt (%)
2	Clay	1.29 ± 0.02a	50.3 ± 0.8a	3.41 ± 0.19a	81.6 ± 2.9a	20.3 ± 2.1a	43.0 ± 2.0a	36.7 ± 1.5a
2	Loam	1.32 ± 0.03a	49.3 ± 1.3a	4.15 ± 1.9a	80.0 ± 5.0a	29.3 ± 1.5b	24.0 ± 1.0b	46.7 ± 1.5b
5	Clay	1.30 ± 0.02a	50.1 ± 1.8a	4.25 ± 0.2a	81.6 ± 5.8a	17.3 ± 1.5a	46.0 ± 2.0a	36.7 ± 1.6a
5	Loam	1.32 ± 0.03a	49.4 ± 1.2a	3.96 ± 0.3a	81.7 ± 2.9a	36.0 ± 2.6b	23.0 ± 2.0b	41.0 ± 4.0b
10	Clay	1.29 ± 0.02a	50.3 ± 1.6a	4.32 ± 0.6a	76.7 ± 2.9a	19.0 ± 2.7a	50.3 ± 1.5a	30.7 ± 1.2a
10	Loam	1.32 ± 0.08a	49.4 ± 3.1a	4.06 ± 0.1a	80.0 ± 5.0a	42.0 ± 2.7b	18.0 ± 2.0b	40.0 ± 1.0b
20	Clay	1.31 ± 0.04a	49.6 ± 1.7a	3.95 ± 0.3a	80.0 ± 8.7a	12.0 ± 2.0a	59.3 ± 2.5a	28.7 ± 0.6a
20	Loam	1.33 ± 0.02a	48.9 ± 0.4a	3.74 ± 0.3a	83.3 ± 2.9a	44.0 ± 2.0b	13.7 ± 1.5b	42.3 ± 1.5b
30	Clay	1.32 ± 0.03a	49.4 ± 1.2a	3.78 ± 0.1a	76.7 ± 2.9a	12.0 ± 2.0a	64.0 ± 2.0a	24.0 ± 4.0a
30	Loam	1.30 ± 0.04a	49.9 ± 1.6a	3.83 ± 0.3a	81.7 ± 7.6a	48.7 ± 1.5b	17.3 ± 1.5b	34.0 ± 3.0b
40	Clay	1.30 ± 0.04a	50.1 ± 1.4a	3.77 ± 0.4a	80.0 ± 5.0a	12.0 ± 2.0a	69.7 ± 1.5a	18.3 ± 3.5a
40	Loam	1.30 ± 0.01a	49.8 ± 0.5a	3.79 ± 0.5a	80.0 ± 5.0a	50.0 ± 1.0b	11.0 ± 1.0b	39.0 ± 1.0b

Note: Different letters after means within each treatment indicate significant differences by Tukey test (P < 0.05)

ISSN: 1297-966X