Fig. 1From: Long-term logging residue loadings affect tree growth but not soil nutrients in Pinus contorta Doug. ex Loud. forestsAnnual mean diameter growth (a), mean height growth (b) dynamics, annual mean diameter (c), and mean height (d) in four logging residue loading treatments over the 19-year study period. The N, W, S, and D treatments were (1) removal of all organic matter (N), (2) logging residue loading similar to whole-tree harvesting residuals left o site (W), (3) logging residue loading similar to stem-only harvesting residuals left on site (S), and (4) logging residue loading double that of stem-only harvesting and similar to disease and insects killed stands (d), respectively. The P values were from the repeated measure ANOVA that concerns sampling year, residue loading treatments, and their interactionsBack to article page