Table 4 Deviance explained by Generalised Dissimilarity models (GDM) for each functional trait of Juniperus thurifera in plots at three forest stages

δ¹³C

Mat

3.4

9.3

5.8 ⁽ * ⁾

14.6 ⁽ * ⁾

2.1

-

Trn

0.6

25.2 *

15.5 *

0.9

15.0 *

2.5

Exp

7.6

13.1 ⁽ * ⁾

7.1 ⁽ * ⁾

20.6 *

15.9

0.7

C:N

Mat

6.8

15.9 *

5.9 ⁽ * ⁾

0.3

18.8 *

-

Int

1.8

34.5 *

37.8 *

8.4 ⁽ * ⁾

28.7 *

37.5 *

Exp

5.4 *

6.2

0.7

5.7

8.3

0.3

C

Mat

14.3 *

1.4

0.7

5.5 ⁽ * ⁾

1.2

-

Trn

2.5

16.9 *

11.5 ⁽ * ⁾

16.9 ⁽ * ⁾

0.3

45.9 *

Exp

1.4

12.4

25.6 *

5.7

5.4

29.8

N

Mat

5.7

22.9 *

2.2

4.7

16.1 *

-

Int

4.1

23.7 *

28.1 *

4.1

20.5 *

31.6 *

Exp

3.7

5.5

0.2

2.5

15.8 ⁽ * ⁾

0.6

LDMC

Mat

2.2

17.5 *

6.2

5.5

3.6

-

Trn

4.3

13.4

7.5 ⁽ * ⁾

2.2

15.2 *

39.0 *

Exp

2.2

5.7

10.8 ⁽ * ⁾

0.8

3.7

1.7

W.DEN

Mat

1.0

7.5 ⁽ * ⁾

0.1

0.9

6.5

-

Int

2.1

2.0

19.3 *

9.9

13.1 *

11.5 ⁽ * ⁾

Exp

9.3 ⁽ * ⁾

4.4 ⁽ * ⁾

20.5 *

5.4

6.5

6.6

COMB

Mat

0.8

19.7 *

2.5

4.5

4.4 ⁽ * ⁾

-

Trn

4.0

27.9 *

32.2 *

7.9

24.6 *

39.3 *

Exp

5.0 ⁽ * ⁾

8.8

7.0 ⁽ * ⁾

6.9

16.3 ⁽ * ⁾

1.3