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Table 2 Analysis of variance table for linear models in the form: trait ~ species|family × forest type. Prior to model fitting, traits were log10 transformed in the case of leaf area, root diameter, SRL, root tissue density, and root branching intensity to improve data normality

From: Morphological variation of fine root systems and leaves in primary and secondary tropical forests of Hainan Island, China

Trait (units)

Source

df

F

p

ω2

Leaf area (cm2)

Species

71

24.19

***

0.531

Forest type

1

10.51

**

0.003

Species × forest type

58

3.21

***

0.041

Residuals

1184

–

–

–

Specific leaf area (m2 kg−1)

Species

71

19.38

***

0.451

Forest type

1

47.36

***

0.016

Species × forest type

58

4.96

***

0.079

Residuals

1183

–

–

–

Leaf thickness (mm)

Species

69

22.54

***

0.500

Forest type

1

1.69

n.s.

0.000

Species × forest type

57

5.73

***

0.091

Residuals

1090

–

–

–

Root diameter (mm)

Species

71

21.15

***

0.404

Forest type

1

15.58

***

0.004

Species × forest type

58

3.56

***

0.042

Residuals

1818

–

–

–

Specific root length (m kg−1)

Species

71

10.26

***

0.238

Forest type

1

7.10

**

0.002

Species × forest type

58

3.58

***

0.054

Residuals

1818

–

–

–

Root tissue density (g cm−3)

Species

71

19.96

***

0.397

Forest type

1

0.97

n.s.

0.000

Species × Forest type

58

2.69

***

0.029

Residuals

1818

–

–

–

Root branching intensity (tips cm−1)

Species

71

9.76

***

0.213

Forest type

1

81.66

***

0.028

Species × forest type

58

5.72

***

0.094

Residuals

1818

–

–

–

  1. Effect size = ω2, effect size (ω2) values near 0.01 are considered small, near 0.06 are considered medium, and near 0.14 are considered large
  2. df degrees of freedom, MS mean squares, n.s. non-significant
  3. *p < .05
  4. **p < .01
  5. ***p < .001