Fig. 2

Production of animal-dispersed seedlings by individual Quercus robur mother trees at the moment of seedling emergence (above) and at age 3 years (below). Each column corresponds to a reproducing tree. Colours indicate different habitats (black: broadleaved forest, dark grey: pine plantations, light grey: open areas). Lines between the two histograms connect the same mother tree, showing shifts in its fecundity ranking. Inserted circular plots indicate the proportion of local seedlings actively dispersed to each of the three habitats. Note that this proportion does not directly reflect the total seedling cohort as we sampled only 20% of the seedlings in the broadleaved forest but 100% in the other two habitats. Columns to the right of the graph indicate the absolute number of non-assigned and putatively immigrant seedlings found in each of the three habitats