Table 2 Genetic differentiation between pairs of groups and across time. We report the mean as well as the lower and upper 95% confidence interval of two pairwise fixation indices (θ and D) for both types of molecular markers (SSR and SNP)
Seedling subset | SSR | SNP | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
θ | D | θ | D | |||||||||
Mean | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | Mean | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | Mean | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | Mean | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | |
All emergence vs. All 3 years | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.000 | − 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.000 | − 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Seedling origin | ||||||||||||
Local emergence vs. Local 3 years | 0.000 | − 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.000 | − 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.000 | − 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Immigrant emergence vs. Immigrant 3 years | 0.000 | − 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.000 | − 0.014 | 0.008 | 0.000 | − 0.010 | 0.002 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.000 |
Local emergence vs. Immigrant emergence | 0.002* | 0.000 | 0.005 | 0.005 | − 0.002 | 0.014 | 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Local 3 years vs. Immigrant 3 years | 0.003 | − 0.003 | 0.011 | 0.003 | − 0.016 | 0.030 | 0.000 | − 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.001 |
Dispersal status (only Local seedlings) | ||||||||||||
Animal dispersed emergence vs. Animal dispersed 3 years | 0.000 | − 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.000 | − 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.000 | − 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Non-dispersed emergence vs. Non-dispersed 3 years | 0.000 | − 0.006 | 0.005 | 0.000 | − 0.009 | 0.015 | 0.002 | − 0.005 | 0.010 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.002 |
Animal dispersed emergence vs. Non-dispersed emergence | 0.004* | 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.008* | 0.001 | 0.016 | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Animal dispersed 3 years vs. Non-dispersed 3 years | 0.005 | − 0.002 | 0.015 | 0.014 | − 0.008 | 0.044 | 0.007 | − 0.001 | 0.017 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.003 |
Habitat of establishment (only Local, Animal-dispersed seedlings) | ||||||||||||
Broadleaved forest emergence vs. Broadleaved forest 3 years | 0.000 | − 0.015 | 0.010 | 0.000 | − 0.029 | 0.028 | 0.000 | − 0.017 | 0.017 | 0.000 | − 0.002 | 0.005 |
Open area emergence vs. Open area 3 years | 0.000 | − 0.005 | 0.000 | 0.000 | − 0.011 | − 0.003 | 0.000 | − 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.000 |
Pine plantation emergence vs. Pine plantation 3 years | 0.000 | − 0.017 | 0.001 | 0.000 | − 0.053 | − 0.014 | 0.000 | − 0.019 | 0.002 | 0.000 | − 0.009 | − 0.006 |
Broadleaved forest emergence vs. Open area emergence | 0.003 | 0.000 | 0.007 | 0.004 | − 0.006 | 0.017 | 0.003 | − 0.001 | 0.008 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.002 |
Broadleaved forest emergence vs. Pine plantation emergence | 0.005 | − 0.001 | 0.013 | 0.007 | − 0.013 | 0.035 | 0.003 | − 0.005 | 0.013 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.003 |
Open area emergence vs. Pine plantation emergence | 0.001 | − 0.004 | 0.007 | 0.000 | − 0.014 | 0.022 | 0.002 | − 0.004 | 0.010 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.002 |
Broadleaved forest 3 years vs. Open area 3 years | 0.001 | − 0.010 | 0.016 | 0.000 | − 0.028 | 0.044 | 0.010 | − 0.007 | 0.035 | 0.001 | − 0.003 | 0.008 |
Broadleaved forest 3 years vs. Pine plantation 3 years | 0.009 | − 0.008 | 0.030 | 0.006 | − 0.039 | 0.069 | 0.007 | − 0.013 | 0.033 | 0.000 | − 0.004 | 0.008 |
Open area 3 years vs. Pine plantation 3 years | 0.003 | − 0.005 | 0.014 | 0.001 | − 0.023 | 0.036 | 0.000 | − 0.010 | 0.012 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | 0.003 |