Provenance | Nanomechanical cell-wall properties | |||||
MOE | Adhesion | Deformation | Energy dissipation | |||
MPa | nN | nm | eV | |||
3 | Picardie | 4429.3±1724.4 | 25.97±5.60 | 2.705±0.223 | 1407.4±750.5 | |
5 | Bretagne | 3201.0±885.3 | 17.07±4.22 | 2.181±0.425 | 1119.5±593.9 | |
30 | Belzig | 5622.9±1177.1 | 25.15±6.58 | 2.015±0.241 | 1157.5±877.4 | |
35 | Hinterstoder | 7061.2±1111.1 | 20.01±3.72 | 1.765±0.093 | 733.4±139.1 | |
36 | Eisenerz | 4517.0±257.4 | 29.12±8.85 | 1.987±0.236 | 1688.8±1311.6 | |
50 | Janov-Nacetin | 3989.0±648.0 | 20.74±4.86 | 2.145±0.152 | 1486.6±159.8 | |
55 | Postojna Javor | 4470.2±927.7 | 18.98±5.87 | 1.964±0.219 | 936.2±629.2 | |
67 | Bilowo | 6313.4±2993.8 | 39.71±9.79 | 1.855±0.406 | 2242.7±901.8 | |
Vascular traits | ||||||
Tracheary element area | Tracheary element density | F | S | Relative xylem conductivity | ||
10−4 mm2 | mm−2 | 10−7 mm4 | 10−7 μm4 mm−2 | |||
3 | Picardie | 1.05±0.35 | 370.1±124.0 | 0.0387±0.0018 | 2.83±2.13 | 1.167±0.424 |
5 | Bretagne | 1.06±0.01 | 372.8±24.1 | 0.0396±0.0026 | 2.85±0.20 | 1.467±0.229 |
12 | Gruenewald | 1.10±0.20 | 344.5±48.5 | 0.0380±0.0026 | 3.21±1.06 | 1.362±0.360 |
15 | Elspeet | 0.86±0.17 | 365.2±40.2 | 0.0313±0.0036 | 2.34±0.70 | 0.918±0.403 |
23 | Torup | 0.94±0.17 | 377.5±58.5 | 0.0356±0.0045 | 2.50±0.88 | 1.068±0.315 |
26 | Farchau | 0.92±0.17 | 376.8±84.1 | 0.0345±0.0019 | 2.43±0.90 | 1.052±0.294 |
30 | Belzig | 0.91±0.18 | 455.5±104.5 | 0.0416±0.0052 | 2.01±1.07 | 1.292±0.416 |
35 | Hinterstoder | 1.05±0.12 | 364.7±52.5 | 0.0385±0.0022 | 2.89±0.85 | 1.403±0.061 |
36 | Eisenerz | 1.05±0.08 | 350.7±51.1 | 0.0367±0.0048 | 2.99±0.50 | 1.354±0.291 |
39 | Jaworze | 1.02±0.10 | 409.2±20.2 | 0.0418±0.0048 | 2.50±0.27 | 1.420±0.484 |
43 | Jawornik | 1.15±0.10 | 324.0±20.3 | 0.0374±0.0012 | 3.56±0.54 | 1.368±0.316 |
50 | Janov-Nacetin | 0.82±0.07 | 437.4±60.2 | 0.0361±0.0035 | 1.89±0.37 | 0.995±0.144 |
55 | Postojna Javor | 1.22±0.61 | 366.1±179.1 | 0.0447±0.0078 | 3.33±6.42 | 1.410±0.402 |
62 | Aarberg | 1.10±0.13 | 368.3±41.8 | 0.0404±0.0015 | 2.98±0.70 | 1.412±0.456 |
67 | Bilowo | 0.99±0.31 | 364.7±64.8 | 0.0360±0.0046 | 2.71±1.43 | 1.205±0.666 |
Leaf structural traits | ||||||
Leaf thickness | Mesophyll thickness | Palisade parenchyma thickness | Spongy parenchyma thickness | |||
μm | μm | μm | μm | |||
3 | Picardie | 158.39±31.27 | 137.31±29.93 | 84.30±17.53 | 53.02±13.95 | |
5 | Bretagne | 129.04±13.38 | 107.37±10.85 | 63.85±5.63 | 43.52±10.21 | |
12 | Gruenewald | 160.37±25.27 | 139.41±25.09 | 82.84±17.64 | 56.57±11.70 | |
15 | Elspeet | 136.62±12.80 | 117.49±11.73 | 76.26±9.54 | 41.23±2.59 | |
23 | Torup | 155.93±18.80 | 135.76±17.81 | 81.92±12.54 | 53.84±5.98 | |
26 | Farchau | 162.02±26.88 | 142.13±25.20 | 85.32±13.95 | 56.80±11.67 | |
30 | Belzig | 148.40±26.62 | 128.34±25.23 | 78.26±14.21 | 50.09±13.24 | |
35 | Hinterstoder | 149.57±25.03 | 130.04±23.02 | 81.16±14.11 | 48.89±11.19 | |
36 | Eisenerz | 154.10±13.17 | 132.59±11.72 | 75.60±11.18 | 57.00±4.86 | |
39 | Jaworze | 170.96±26.15 | 151.47±26.21 | 88.48±20.10 | 63.00±8.60 | |
43 | Jawornik | 167.67±15.62 | 147.27±15.08 | 88.56±14.58 | 58.71±6.48 | |
50 | Janov-Nacetin | 147.46±19.95 | 126.90±19.38 | 75.97±15.28 | 50.93±7.87 | |
55 | Postojna Javor | 163.95±16.70 | 144.95±17.06 | 84.98±10.41 | 59.98±11.78 | |
62 | Aarberg | 144.84±11.00 | 125.54±13.52 | 79.60±8.68 | 45.94±4.98 | |
67 | Bilowo | 150.15±7.01 | 130.05±7.15 | 78.34±2.43 | 51.71±8.60 |