Fig. 2

Ranking for the top 111 offspring trees (5 %) based on additive breeding values from the multi-environment standard individual-tree mixed model (MSM) and additive direct breeding values from the multi-environment competition individual-tree mixed models (MCM), for diameter at breast height (DBH), total tree height (TH), and normal scores of stem straightness (NSTR). The 10 most competitive trees (i.e., those with highest—negative—breeding values) for DBH are highlighted in blue color