Fig. 1

DCA biplot of plots and species and projection of the significant two significant explanatory variables (p < 0.05 and explained variation > 50%). Stands characteristics other than %G of Pinus sylvestris and %G of Pinus pinaster were not significantly correlated with the DCA axes. PS Pinus sylvestris monospecific plots, PP Pinus pinaster monospecific plots, and MM mixed plots of the two Pinus species. Species codes: Agca (Agrostis castellana Boiss. & Reut), Aica (Aira caryophyllea L.), Armo (Arenaria montana L.), Aruv (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng), Asal (Asphodelus albus Mill.), Cavu (Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull), Cila (Cistus laurifolius L.), Defl (Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.), Erar (Erica arborea L.), Erau (Erica australis L.), Gasa (Galium saxatile L.), Gero (Geranium robertianum L.), Hysp (Hypnum spp.), Hyra (Hypochaeris radicata L.), Ilaq (Ilex aquifolium L.), Juco (Juncus conglomeratus L.), Juox (Juniperus oxycedrus L.), Loco (Lotus corniculatus L.), Mepa (Melampyrum pratense L.), Pipi (Pinus pinaster Aiton), Pisy (Pinus sylvestris L.), Povu (Polygala vulgaris L.), Pomo (Potentilla montana Brot.), Ptaq (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn), Qufa (Quercus faginea Lam.), Qupy (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.), Sami (Sanguisorba minor Scop.), Sima (Simethis mattiazzii (Vand.) Sacc.) and Vimo (Viola montcaunica Pau)