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Table 10 Effect of different socio-demographic characteristics on willingness to pay for aesthetic value under different conditions (15%-45%)

From: Estimating the willingness to pay for regulating and cultural ecosystem services from forested Siwalik landscapes: perspectives of disaggregated users

Fixed effects

Coefficient

Std. err

p value

Coefficient

Std. err

p value

Coefficient

Std. err

p value

AVC

AVC_15%

AVC_30%

AVC_45%

(Intercept)

6.182200

0.3536673

0.0000

6.429598

0.3281168

0.0000

6.445659

0.3254425

0.0000

AF (Eco_Status)2

− 0.502158

0.1801870

0.0060

− 0.482245

0.1671861

0.0045

− 0.553733

0.1655559

0.0011

AF (Edu_lev)2

0.105608

0.1676143

0.5297

0.151627

0.1551772

0.3302

0.121634

0.1534932

0.4294

AF (Distant_For)2

− 0.639470

0.1652191

0.0002

− 0.619360

0.1516574

0.0001

− 0.483271

0.1485676

0.0014

Household size

− 0.046442

0.0274386

0.0927

− 0.028393

0.0248149

0.2545

− 0.010959

0.0240763

0.6497

Total Income

0.000001

0.0000002

0.0001

0.000001

0.0000002

0.0000

0.000001

0.0000002

0.0000

Caste

− 0.287061

0.1607573

0.0763

− 0.302449

0.1480634

0.0429

− 0.178681

0.1457123

0.2221

Pearson’s χ 2 residuals

0.0002

0.00008

0.0002

AVL

AVL_15%

AVL_30%

AVL_45%

(Intercept)

1.0270129

0.4015267

0.0116

1.409633

0.3876668

0.0004

1.7582509

0.4006866

0.0000

AF (Eco_Status)2

− 0.3862142

0.1850431

0.0386

− 0.391073

0.1757758

0.0277

− 0.3935216

0.1879756

0.0381

AF (Edu_lev)2

0.6070391

0.1708090

0.0005

0.686339

0.1634834

0.0000

0.6779231

0.1689266

0.0001

AF (Distant_For)2

− 0.6752174

0.1768470

0.0002

− 0.719352

0.1700438

0.0000

− 0.6658728

0.1775134

 

Pearson’s χ 2 residuals

0.0004

0.00006

0.00004

  1. Eco_Status economic status, Edu-lev education level, Distant_For distant for, Age_respon age of the respondents, Tot_Inc total income, AF as a factor