Skip to main content

Table 2 Sociodemographic information of the respondent

From: Estimating the willingness to pay for regulating and cultural ecosystem services from forested Siwalik landscapes: perspectives of disaggregated users

Demographic information

CF nearby

CF distant

CFM nearby

CFM distant

Rich (n = 32)

Poor (n = 31)

Rich (n = 31)

Poor (n = 31)

Rich (n = 32)

Poor (n = 31)

Rich (n = 33)

Poor (n = 32)

Gender (%)

F = 63

M = 37

F = 65

M = 35

F = 19

M = 81

F = 32

M = 68

F = 31

M = 69

F = 35

M = 65

F = 15

M = 85

F = 19

M = 81

Median age with range (years)

41 (19–75)

40 (18–80)

48 (24–79)

48.50 (21–74)

39 (22–68)

45 (20–75)

51 (20–84)

45 (25–77)

Family size (std. error of mean)

6.10 (0.461)

5.33 (0.37)

6.3 (0.5)

5.67

(0.413)

6.27 (0.401)

5.83 (0.525)

6.10 (0.461)

7.43 (0.545)

Educational status (%)

L = 38

U = 62

L = 68

U = 32

L = 16

U = 84

L = 58

U = 42

L = 47

U = 53

L = 61

U = 39

L = 45

U = 55

L = 78

U = 22

Ethnic composition (%)

HC = 13

LC = 87

HC = 6

LC = 94

HC = 77

LC = 23

HC = 26

LC = 74

UC = 44

LC = 56

UC = 23

LC = 77

UC = 85

LC = 15

UC = 53

LC = 47

Religion (%)

H = 75

B = 25

H = 77

B = 23

H = 100

H = 90

M = 10

H = 72

B = 22

M = 6

H = 68

B = 29

M = 3

H = 100

H = 100

Average annual incomea/HHs (US$b) (std. dev.)

3532 (± 2172)

1395 (± 794)

6515 (± 3767)

1421 (± 935)

4933 (± 2520)

1463 (± 708)

3684 (± 1785)

1671 (± 985)

Average annual expenditurec/HHs (US$)

2026

1091

6161

1302

2672

1319

2321

1470

Private forests owners

66%

50%

40%

37%

28%

16%

64%

41%

Dependency on CBFMs

56%

46.3%

6%

14%

65%

68%

6%

11%

  1. Data in parenthesis is standard deviation; gender: M: male, F: female; lower education level (L) (I = illiterate, P = primary/lower secondary), upper (U) = (high school and college above); ethnic composition: higher caste (HC): Bahun/Kshetri/Dashanami/Madeshi, lower caste (LC): Janajati, Janajati/Madhesi, and Dalit; religion: H = Hindu, B = Buddhists, M = Muslim
  2. aIncomes are derived from agriculture, horticulture, livestock, daily wages, foreign employment, different types of salaries, small businesses, fisheries, NTFP/medicinal plants and firewood collection
  3. bOne US$ = NPR 110.52
  4. cExpenditure includes foodstuff, clothing, education, health, agriculture, purchasing land, livestock, paying interest, etc.