Estimating the willingness to pay for regulating and cultural ecosystem services from forested Siwalik landscapes: perspectives of disaggregated users

Table 4 Effect of different socio-demographic characteristics on willingness to pay for flood control service under different conditions (15%-45%)

Fixed effects	Coefficient	Std. err	p value	Coefficient	Std. err	p value	Coefficient	Std. err	p value
FRC	FRC_15%			FRC_30%			FRC_45%
Intercept	6.75775	0.3596270	0.0000	7.012494	0.3436474	0.0000	7.364783	0.3379891	0.0000
AF (Eco_Status)2	− 0.62381	0.1696527	0.0003	− 0.533945	0.1644978	0.0015	− 0.547819	0.1610087	0.0009
AF (Edu_lev)2	0.88823	0.1601841	0.0000	0.821379	0.1532963	0.0000	0.718067	0.1516314	0.0000
AF (Distant_For)2	− 0.57345	0.1641240	0.0006	− 0.477084	0.1579875	0.0030	− 0.498803	0.1539332	0.0015
Household size	− 0.06386	0.0281076	0.0246	− 0.051607	0.0265135	0.0536	− 0.040750	0.0256047	0.1137
Total Income	0.00000	0.0000002	0.0004	0.000001	0.0000002	0.0000	0.000001	0.0000002	0.0000
Caste2	− 0.49243	0.1528783	0.0016	− 0.502633	0.1465624	0.0008	− 0.539571	0.1425283	0.0002
Pearson’s χ ² residuals	0.001			0.0009			0.0001
FRL	FRL_15%			FRL_30%			FRL_30%
Intercept	0.89085	0.2952606	0.0030	1.3863187	0.282	0.0000	1.7982	0.2968	0.0000
AF (Eco_Status)2	− 0.10243	0.131801	0.4383	− 0.194487	0.124456	0.1203	− 0.2540676	0.12947892	0.0500¹
AF (Edu_lev)2	0.5524099	0.1246256	0.0000	0.5225054	0.1184	0.0000	0.5753	0.1224	0.0000
AF (Distant_For)2	− 0.4673833	0.1216811	0.0002	− 0.48405	0.1159	0.0001	− 0.4533	0.1220	0.0003
Pearson’s χ ² residuals	0.0003			0.0001			0.001

Eco_Status economic status, Edu-lev education level, Distant_For distant for, Age_respon age of the respondents, Tot_Inc total income, AF as a factor, FRL flood control in labour days

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