Characterization of stem volume and form tradeoffs in a northern red oak (Quercus rubra) breeding population in early stages of selection

Table 4 Range of probability among families to observe the undesirable phenotype, calculated for binary traits, at each site. See Table 2 for trait descriptions

	Range of probability among families to observe undesirable phenotype (%)
Site	Sweep	Branch angle > 45°	+ / − Forked log	Branch retention
115	11–92	40–68	40–67	10–84
117	15–82	24–83	NA	20–78
119	18–86	20–88	31–75	22–77

ISSN: 1297-966X