Table 8 Average net present value (NPV) according to site and management strategy. The values of NPV were calculated with an interest rate of 1%, using averaged stumpage prices and harvesting costs for Baden-Württemberg for the period 2000–2016 (see Appendix Table 5). We calculated NPV in euros per hectare and averaged for the period 1980–2016

From: Magnitude and timing of density reduction are key for the resilience to severe drought in conifer-broadleaf mixed forests in Central Europe