Table 3 Growth LMM coefficients. Marginal and conditional r² are also given. The level stage: expanding is included in the intercept. SE standard error. σ² is the residual variance. τ₀₀ Tree and τ₀₀ Plot are the between-group variance for the random effects tree and plot, respectively

(Intercept)

 − 0.341

0.118

0.004

QD [1st degree]

1.205

0.147

 < 0.001

QD [2nd degree]

0.475

0.222

0.033

Number of stems [1st degree]

 − 0.584

0.11

 < 0.001

Number of stems [2nd degree]

 − 0.058

0.196

0.768

Tree density

 − 0.113

0.066

0.112

Cambial age [1st degree]

1.879

0.103

 < 0.001

Cambial age [2nd degree]

0.417

0.087

 < 0.001

FEB-APR T

0.072

0.005

 < 0.001

AUG SPEI-3

0.108

0.006

 < 0.001

Sex [male]

0.006

0.037

0.867

Gradient [transition]

0.133

0.133

0.338

Gradient [long]

0.39

0.177

0.048

FEB-APR T × sex [male]

0.013

0.006

0.027

AUG SPEI-3 × sex [male]

 − 0.011

0.005

0.047

AUG SPEI-3 × gradient [transition]

 − 0.014

0.006

0.026

AUG SPEI-3 × gradient [long]

 − 0.034

0.006

 < 0.001

Cambial age [1st degree] × gradient [transition]

 − 0.515

0.138

 < 0.001

Cambial age [2nd degree] × gradient [transition]

 − 0.396

0.108

 < 0.001

Cambial age [1st degree] × gradient [long]

 − 1.363

0.143

 < 0.001

Cambial age [2nd degree] × gradient [long]

 − 0.472

0.102

 < 0.001

Random effects

  σ²

0.25

  τ_{00 Tree}

0.15

  τ_{00 Plot}

0.27

  Marginal r²/conditional r²

0.22/0.43