Table 1 Origins and environmental characteristics of A. senegal provenances used in the study. Provenances are arranged according to WAI0
Provenance | Country | Latitude | Longitude | Altitude (masl) | Mean annual temperature (°C)a | Rainfall (mm)a | PET (mm)b | Martonne index (AM)b | Thornwaite index (ATH)b | WAI0 (mm)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diamenar | Senegal | 16°00′ N | 15°54′ W | 20 | 27.13 | 288 | 1950 | 8 | 2 | 28 |
Djigueri | Mauritania | 15°44′ N | 08°40′ W | 226 | 28.92 | 309 | 2195 | 8 | 2 | 45 |
Karofane | Niger | 14°18′ N | 06°11′ E | 280 | 28.38 | 366 | 2412 | 10 | 2 | 51 |
Sudan | Sudan | 12°44′ N | 29°35′ E | 620 | 26.84 | 408 | 1775 | 11 | 3 | 56 |
Kirane | Mali | 15°23′ N | 10°15′ W | 140 | 29.32 | 380 | 2018 | 10 | 3 | 59 |
Kankoussa | Mauritania | 15°56′ N | 11°27′ W | 80 | 29.71 | 294 | 1917 | 7 | 3 | 60 |
Chad | Chad | 12°49′ N | 15°18′ E | 280 | 28.97 | 349 | 2098 | 9 | 3 | 64 |
Daiba | Senegal | 15°22′ N | 13°08′ W | 28 | 29.56 | 437 | 1813 | 11 | 3 | 65 |
Aite | Mali | 15°05′ N | 11°39′ W | 80 | 29.65 | 449 | 1855 | 11 | 3 | 75 |
Di | Burkina Faso | 13°10′ N | 03°25′ W | 260 | 28.02 | 637 | 1832 | 17 | 5 | 121 |
Bissiga | Burkina Faso | 12°26′ N | 00°32′ W | 280 | 28.28 | 696 | 1915 | 18 | 5 | 128 |
Kidira | Senegal | 14°28′ N | 12°13′ W | 39 | 28.93 | 611 | 1724 | 16 | 5 | 184 |
Somo | Mali | 13°17′ N | 04°54′ W | 40 | 27.45 | 627 | 1767 | 17 | 6 | 187 |
Ngane | Senegal | 14°08′ N | 16°12′ W | 2 | 27.92 | 570 | 1871 | 15 | 5 | 194 |
Sodera | Ehiopia | 08°24′ N | 39°23′ E | 1500 | 21.36 | 762 | 1302 | 24 | 10 | 292 |
Sites | ||||||||||
  Dahra | Senegal | 15° 20′N | 15° 28′ W | 45m | 28.1 | 388 | 1805 | 10 | 3 | 75 |
  Bambey | Senegal | 14° 71′N | 16° 47′ W | 20m | 27 | 482 | 1864 | 13 | 4 | 122 |