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Table 3 Measured curvature from root neck to 4.2 m height

From: Estimation of breast height diameter and trunk curvature with linear and single-photon LiDARs

Trunk_Id

Manual tape [cm]

ZEB 3D [cm]

SPAD LiDAR [cm]

1

9.7

4.9

4.1

2

4.9

2.6

3

3

4

3.6

2.6

4

7.5

4.8

6.3

5

5.3

2.4

8.7

6

4.5

2.8

1.5

7

5.3

2.5

3.2

RMSE

 

2.59

2.9

BIAS

 

 − 2.51

 − 1.68