Fig. 5

Different spatial scales involved in the beta diversity calculations. Beta diversity was calculated within each site for a given treatment (B_{within_Treat}), within each site among treatments (B_{among_Treat}) and among sites for each of the treatments (B_{among_Site}), adapted from Royer-Tardif et al. (2018). CON: control, SIN: single-tree selection cut, GRP: group-selection cut, GRPS: group-selection cut with soil scarification