Fig. 3
From: Tree stumps — an important but undervalued dead wood pool
Stump volume estimates for coniferous (dashed) and broad-leaved tree species based on the NFI5 stump inventory data showing a the effect of the estimation method based on increasing measurement detail for tally trees located in the smaller 200 m2 intensive monitoring plot that were alive and ≥ 12 cm DBH in the NFI4 and had an observed saw-cut below a height of 1.30 m on the NFI5. Model 1 corresponds to a cylinder based on a stump diameter corresponding to the DBH of tree from the previous inventory and a height of 30 cm, model 2 to a cylinder based on a stump diameter corresponding to the DBH of tree from the previous inventory and the measured upslope height, model 3 to a cylinder based on the measured upper stump diameter and the upslope height, model 4 to a truncated cone using two diameter (at stump top and half the downslope height) and two height (upslope and downslope) measurements (see Fig. 1), and b model 4 volume as totals for all tree species for all measured stumps, including also older stumps, i.e., which existed as stumps for more than 9 years, i.e., before the NFI4. The error bars indicate one standard error of the total volume of stumps of conifer and broadleaf tree species. Note the different ranges of the y-axes. The data are based on common sample plots as in Fig. 2