Fig. 5

Mean volume in the dead wood pools standing, downed, and stumps in the NFI1, NFI2, NFI3, NFI4, and NFI5 shown for comparable dead wood elements across NFIs: standing and downed tally trees ≥ 12 cm DBH, LIS-DW (all downed dead wood sampled with the “line-intersect” method), stumps — simplified (stumps for the population of “new stumps” as identified since the NFI2 and volume based on the DBH of the tally tree from the previous inventory and 30 cm height, cf. Fig. 2), stumps — full population (stumps for the full population of the NFI5 and volume-based upslope and downslope stump height and diameters at top and half the downslope height, cf. Fig. 3b). Note that (i) simplified stump volume could only be estimated since the NFI2 since the DBH of the tally tree from the previous inventory was required, (ii) LIS-DW data were not collected in NFI1 and NFI2, and (iii) the standing and downed tally tree data are based on the stemwood only, corresponding to full volume in NFI1 and NFI2 and reduced volume for damaged tally trees since NFI3. The data are based on common sample plots as in Fig. 2