Table 1 Analysis of variance for the effects of soil P availability (P_s), N deposition rate (N_dep), and their interactions (P_s × N_dep) on seedling component mass and the related morphology traits (i.e., fallen leaf ratio (LFR), root to shoot ratio (R/S)) of P. edulis seedlings at the time of final harvest (May 7, 2019). N-, N + , and N +  + represent 0, 30, and 60 kg N·ha⁻¹·a⁻¹ of experimental N deposition rate, respectively; P₁, P₂, and P₃ represent 2.99, 20, and 40 mg·kg⁻¹ of soil available P content, respectively. Statistically significant effects (P < 0.05) are highlighted in bold text

N − s

 P₁

0.679 ± 0.07 cd

0.0850 ± 0.01 g

0.177 ± 0.02 g

0.129 ± 0.02ef

0.106 ± 0.02e

0.496 ± 0.04a

1.43 ± 0.28a

0.122 ± 0.01f

34.5 ± 1.44a

 P₂

1.13 ± 0.16ab

0.374 ± 0.03 cd

0.662 ± 0.08ef

0.391 ± 0.04 cd

0.440 ± 0.03d

1.87 ± 0.12bcd

0.597 ± 0.06b

0.191 ± 0.01e

18.7 ± 0.76 cd

 P₃

0.732 ± 0.02 cd

0.211 ± 0.03ef

0.665 ± 0.11ef

0.335 ± 0.04d

0.367 ± 0.08d

1.60 ± 0.18bc

0.477 ± 0.05bc

0.197 ± 0.02e

22.1 ± 2.94bc

N + 

 P₁

0.503 ± 0.08d

0.177 ± 0.01 fg

0.637 ± 0.03 fg

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.480 ± 0.05d

1.29 ± 0.04b

0.385 ± 0.05bc

0.243 ± 0.02de

33.8 ± 1.80a

 P₂

1.29 ± 0.15ab

0.476 ± 0.04bc

1.02 ± 0.10d

0.395 ± 0.03 cd

0.521 ± 0.05d

2.41 ± 0.18d

0.546 ± 0.08b

0.308 ± 0.02d

25.3 ± 0.82b

 P₃

0.902 ± 0.11bc

0.407 ± 0.05 cd

1.53 ± 0.06 cd

0.482 ± 0.02bc

0.904 ± 0.05c

3.32 ± 0.12e

0.270 ± 0.03bc

0.273 ± 0.02d

16.5 ± 1.11d

N +  + 

 P₁

1.02 ± 0.15abc

0.310 ± 0.04de

0.959 ± 0.09de

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.791 ± 0.09c

2.06 ± 0.15 cd

0.500 ± 0.07bc

0.402 ± 0.03c

34.1 ± 3.06a

 P₂

1.20 ± 0.13ab

0.904 ± 0.06a

3.72 ± 0.15a

0.688 ± 0.04a

2.30 ± 0.09a

7.61 ± 0.26 g

0.157 ± 0.02c

0.638 ± 0.04a

17.6 ± 0.83 cd

 P₃

1.41 ± 0.15a

0.566 ± 0.05b

2.32 ± 0.16b

0.527 ± 0.06b

1.26 ± 0.13b

4.67 ± 0.19f

0.302 ± 0.03bc

0.514 ± 0.02b

22.5 ± 1.05bc

F(P) values

 Soil P availability (P_s)

11.1

72.6

122

169

58.9

375

13.5

24.1

276

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

 N deposition rate (N_dep)

7.77

65.7

271

11.7

204

226

20.8

200

90.2

(0.002)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

 P_s × N_dep

2.83

5.53

50.9

13.7

37.4

70.5

7.61

5.50

32.1

(0.044)

(0.002)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(< 0.001)

(0.002)

(< 0.001)