Table 2 Variation in morphological traits of seeds and acorns among the 15 Tunisian Holm oak populations studied. Differences between populations were tested using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test form comparison of means. Two means displaying no letters in common are significantly different (P < 0.05)

1

33.33 ± 1.44 ab

16.02 ± 0.77 cdef

0.77 ± 0.09 cd

2.57 ± 0.39 bcd

0.71 ± 0.08 de

22.28 ± 3.29 c

39.98 ± 4.13 ab

2

33.95 ± 0.97 b

14.58 ± 0.51 abc

0.71 ± 0.05 bcd

2.23 ± 0.19 abc

0.55 ± 0.04 bcde

20.04 ± 1.24 abc

36.88 ± 1.03 a

3

34.18 ± 1.39 b

13.39 ± 0.77 ab

0.57 ± 0.04 ab

1.74 ± 0.28 ab

0.43 ± 0.04 ab

20.40 ± 2.66 bc

39.02 ± 1.70 ab

4

38.51 ± 1.28 cd

15.06 ± 1.22 abcd

0.65 ± 0.07 abcd

2.55 ± 0.42 bcd

0.62 ± 0.06 cde

20.16 ± 2.26 bc

37.02 ± 0.96 ab

5

34.62 ± 0.94 b

15.23 ± 1.47 abcd

0.80 ± 0.10 d

2.41 ± 0.46 abc

0.60 ± 0.07 bcde

20.53 ± 1.62 cd

36.44 ± 0.79 a

6

34.31 ± 1.69 b

16.94 ± 1.04 cdef

0.63 ± 0.08 abcd

2.95 ± 0.38 cd

0.63 ± 0.06 cde

17.96 ± 2.15 abc

37.55 ± 2.21 ab

7

33.98 ± 1.52 b

15.30 ± 0.67 abcd

0.59 ± 0.07 abc

2.44 ± 0.23 abc

0.59 ± 0.09 bcde

19.47 ± 2.39 abc

35.62 ± 1.48 a

8

29.04 ± 1.38 a

13.17 ± 0.62 a

0.51 ± 0.03 ab

1.55 ± 0.24 a

0.35 ± 0.05 a

18.91 ± 1.26 abc

34.95 ± 0.90 a

9

41.09 ± 1.42 d

15.48 ± 0.67 abcde

0.76 ± 0.10 cd

2.89 ± 0.3 cd

0.74 ± 0.09 e

20.45 ± 4.41 bc

33.82 ± 7.52 ab

10

33.93 ± 1.85 b

17.10 ± 1.11 def

0.59 ± 0.06 abc

3.05 ± 0.28 cd

0.54 ± 0.06 abcd

15.11 ± 1.23 a

36.95 ± 1.74 ab

11

35.06 ± 1.30 bc

16.35 ± 0.88 cdef

0.71 ± 0.08 bcd

2.50 ± 0.21 bcd

0.57 ± 0.09 bcde

18.41 ± 1.90 abc

41.98 ± 3.75 b

12

34.43 ± 1.43 b

17.76 ± 1.04 ef

0.69 ± 0.07 bcd

3.41 ± 0.56 d

0.62 ± 0.08 cde

15.83 ± 1.85 ab

37.01 ± 1.29 ab

13

39.76 ± 0.81 d

16.45 ± 0.77 cdef

0.64 ± 0.04 abcd

3.15 ± 0.26 cd

0.65 ± 0.05 de

17.27 ± 0.72 abc

37.40 ± 1.80 ab

14

34.07 ± 1.06 b

15.42 ± 0.34 bcde

0.46 ± 0.04 a

2.49 ± 0.09 bcd

0.47 ± 0.02 abc

15.83 ± 00.74 ab

38.12 ± 1.18 ab

15

41.70 ± 1.63 d

18.08 ± 1.19 f

0.71 ± 0.04 bcd

4.45 ± 0.64 e

0.95 ± 0.06 f

18.03 ± 1.29 abc

36.20 ± 1.14 a

Min

24.75

11.36

0.35

0.910

0.261

9.25

31.66

Max

45.08

20.71

1.11

5.859

0.950

34.65

53.95

Mean

35.51

15.75

0.66

2.696

0.606

18.785

37.52

P

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001