Table 2 Net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (g_s), pigments, peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and free proline (Pro) of leaves in S. nervosum and S. cumini saplings, as affected by waterlogging with or without adventitious roots removal

S. nervosum

CK

8.25±0.99 A**

0.17±0.03 Ans

136.83±11.69 A**

67.65±2.78 Ans

250.44±18.20 A***

1.25±0.13 B**

32.55±3.00 C**

29.01±0.74 B***

14.19±1.15 b

WL

4.18±0.34 Bns

0.08±0.00 Bns

112.52±3.92 ABns

52.34±1.15 Bns

303.26±18.34 A***

1.84±0.11 A***

53.02±0.74 Bns

38.42±1.31 A***

16.81±0.94 ab

AR-R

2.91±0.47 Bns

0.03±0.00 C*

108.14±8.56 Bns

53.48±1.59 Bns

282.35±19.77 A***

1.75±0.09 A***

66.36±6.36 Ans

40.68±0.95 A**

17.84±0.64 a

F_W

0.001***

0.001***

0.071ns

0.000***

0.070ns

0.003**

0.004**

0.000***

0.070ns

F_AR-R

0.442ns

0.035*

0.727ns

0.690ns

0.446ns

0.585ns

0.039*

0.145ns

0.448ns

S. cumini

CK

14.24±0.29 a

0.10±0.01 a

206.92±3.45 a

64.64±1.48 a

49.58±3.34 a

0.18±0.01 a

53.78±1.99 a

11.51±0.66 c

30.89±3.48 B**

WL

5.14±0.36 b

0.06±0.01 b

126.96±7.00 b

52.22±0.78 b

36.82±3.00 b

0.20±0.01 a

63.45±5.77 a

22.59±1.03 b

44.78±6.50 AB**

AR-R

3.66±0.51 c

0.05±0.01 b

137.31±11.44 b

53.25±1.61 b

40.44±1.81 b

0.22±0.02 a

68.65±5.68 a

30.34±2.76 a

48.39±4.89 A**

F_W

0.000***

0.006**

0.000***

0.000***

0.007**

0.350ns

0.181ns

0.001***

0.079ns

F_AR-R

0.022*

0.237ns

0.378ns

0.597ns

0.378ns

0.568ns

0.460ns

0.008**

0.627ns